Thursday, October 31, 2019

Career management in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Career management in business - Essay Example There is evidence available in the form of research which suggests that career management and planning is something serious with professionals now than ever before. This is because they have realized the need to acquaint themselves with the changing times, and thus raise the bar of growth and development even further. It is a fact that career management and planning should be in such a manner that it is not only effective but also based on the long term graph of the individual under consideration. With that said, effective career management and planning is dependent on the dedication with which one plans and eventually manages his own career, for the good times that lie ahead. In the times much like today, career management and planning has taken the lead over all other aspects, and there is reason enough to believe such a hypothesis. Career management in today’s time has become an important field. This is because people are now becoming more and more professional with regards to their work domains. Hence the need of the hour is to inculcate feelings and sentiments of growth and development within one’s professional repertoire. The world has become a global village and so have the core competencies, which seem to become advanced with each passing day. The emphasis is on doing things which have not been explored yet and learning new and varied quarters which were hidden in the past (Wilson 1994). Career management and planning has thus reached new summits where employees have felt that it is their utmost duty to give in their best and thus deserve the same in the end. It is this discussion which has helped the individuals to grow as a whole as well as in their respective capacities. Teamwork remains the key and that too for all the right reasons. If career management and planning is something to gain from, teamwork and commitment remain hand in hand with one another. These are some of the important reasons

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Alice Walker’s the Welcome Table Essay Example for Free

Alice Walker’s the Welcome Table Essay Alice Walker’s The Welcome Table is a short story that gives a historical and cultural look at how segregation in the south influenced people’s lives. The story portrays an old black woman as the main character. It has plot, setting, characters, symbolism, theme, tone and imagery that the author skillfully narrated in the third person omniscient point of view to create the story. The reader experiences an insight into behavior that was caused by segregation in the State of Georgia in the south. â€Å"The reverend of the church stopped her pleasantly as she stepped into the vestibule†¦..†Aunty, you know this is not your church?†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Inside the church she sat on the very first bench from the back.† (Clugston, 2010) Head of the congregation the reverend instigates the act of religious segregation and without further prompting; his congregants willingly follows. The story also portrays the church people’s mindset to maintain religious segregation even in the act of worship. â€Å"They looked with contempt †¦.at the old woman†¦could their husbands expect them to sit up in church with that? No, no†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Clugston, 2010) The narrator uses strong descriptions to recreate the era and to pull the reader into the story. It really shows how segregation influences people in their everyday life. Black slaves were freed. However, black and white people remained segregated because segregation was the way of life for the people during that period in Georgia. The system of segregation demanded that black people had to sit in the back of public busses and the old woman in the story knew her place because she freely sat at the back of the church. â€Å"Inside the church she sat on the very first bench from the back,† (Clugston, 2010). Religious segregation is the main theme. The song at the beginning of the story sets the tone and pulls the reader into the south where ex-slaves sang Negro spirituals for comfort. â€Å"I’m going to sit at the Welcome table; Shout my troubles over; Walk and talk with Jesus; Tell God how you treat me; One of these days!†(Clugston, 2010) Religious segregation was a major part of the culture in Georgia and it is the theme of this story; in that the author details the harsh cold manner in which it affects people. The spiritual at the beginning points to hope to one day experience welcome (acceptance), to sit and talk with Jesus who both the blacks and whites are worshipping but cannot do so under the same roof. In other words, the song is an expression of hope that segregation will end. The black old woman braves freezing temperature, without warm enough clothing to go to the house of worship. Winter represents death, stagnation and sleep (Clugston, 2010) and the old black woman represents slavery. The black old woman, symbolizing slavery is almost blind and almost dead. Yet she is determined to struggle through the freezing cold to push past the reverend, and ignore the young usher to seat herself in the whites only church. â€Å"She brushed past him anyway, as if she had been brushing past him all her life, except this time she was in a hurry. Inside the church she sat†¦It was cold, even inside the church†¦.† This act by the dying old black woman is symbolic of the ex-slaves’ struggle to conquer the final frontier of segregation more so religious segregation. The author uses symbolism in this case to represent the people’s behavior towards the old woman and her determination to have her way. The Author skillfully uses imagery to tell a powerful story The Welcome Table. The very beginning paints a picture of the main character. â€Å"In her Sunday-go-to-meeting clothes:†¦.head rag stained with grease from the many oily pigtails underneath,† What seems like a simple description of her clothes contained words that contributed to the painting of the picture. Then on the other hand the ladies of the church required a different set of adjectives. â€Å"Leather bagged and shoed, with calfskin gloves to keep out the cold.This done, the wives folded their healthy arms across their trim middles†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This vivid contrast also represents the religious disparity between the black people and the white people even though they are both worshipping the same god. â€Å"The reverend of the church stopped her pleasantly as she stepped into the vestibule†¦..†Aunty, you know this is not your church?†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Inside the church she sat on the very first bench from the back.† (Clugston, 2010) The black old woman, symbolizing slavery is almost blind and almost dead. Yet she is determined to struggle through the freezing cold to push past the reverend, and ignore the young usher to seat herself in the whites only church. Alice Walker’s The Welcome Table gives a historical and cultural look at how segregation in the south influenced people’s lives. The author skillfully narrated in the third person omniscient point of view to create the story. The reader experiences an insight into behavior that was caused by segregation in the State of Georgia in the south. The spiritual at the beginning points to hope to one day experience welcome (acceptance), to sit and talk with Jesus who both the blacks and whites are worshipping but cannot do so under the same roof. In other words, the song is an expression of hope that segregation will end. REFERENCE Clugston, W. R., (2010). Journey Into Literature, San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education Inc. Barnet, S., Berman, M., Burto, W., (1967) An Introduction to Literature 3rd Edition Toronto, CAN:Little, Brown and Company Inc.

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Immunocompromised Infection with Behçet Disease

Immunocompromised Infection with Behà §et Disease Abstract Behà §et disease is a relapsing multiorgan inflammatory disorder characterised by mucocutaneous, opthalmic, neurological, vascular and gastrointestinal involvement. We report an intriging case with rare manifestations of myositis and myocarditis, and the first reported occurrence of an immunocompromised-associated infection (polymicrobial necrotising fasciitis) without immunosuppresive therapy use in this presumably hyperimmune disorder. Lessons from practice: 1. Behà §et Disease is a rare autoimmune condition with significant geographical variation in its distribution and is most prevalent in people of Turkish background. 2. Behà §et disease is a systemic disease with predominant symptoms of oral ulcerations, genital ulcerations and uveitis. Other systemic involvement include neurological, gastrointestination, rheumatic, dermatological manifestation. Less common but well described manifestation include muscle and cardiac involvement. 3. The unexplained manifestation of Type 1 necrotising fascitis in this patient suggests that immune dysregulation in Behà §et disease could contribute to primary immunosuppression. It is important to maintain high viligance for risk of infection in Behà §et disease. Clinical Record A 40-year-old woman presented to hospital for investigation of progressive malaise, anorexia and generalised proximal myalgia over 6 days with an elevated serum creatine kinase [CK] of 3550 U/L (reference range [RR] < 145). She is of Spanish and Turkish ethnic background. Her medical history included transfusion-related Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection, lower limb deep vein thrombosis with Factor V Leiden mutation and depression. She denied any infective symptoms, recent trauma or stenuous exercise, rash or athralgias. Physical examation was unremarkable except for proximal generalised myalgia without weakness. Laboratory investigations initially revealed a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein (CRP). Over the next 72 hours, she developed an acute bilateral polyathropathy of the wrist and metacarpalphalangeal joints. Multiple cutaneous manifestations were observed including (1) a rapidly evolving erythema nodosum-like rash over the legs which later progressed into a purpuric non-blanching rash with fluctuant subcutaneous oedema, (2) multiple oral aptheous ulcers and (3) perioral acneiform papular nodules. Further laboratory studies showed mildy raised inflammatory markers and a normalising CK of 428 U/L. The results of investigations for differential diagnoses were unremarkable. (Table 1) Multiple skin biopsies showed a neutrophilic-dermatosis like reaction. On day 6, she developed a mildly tender natal cleft excoriation which progressively became pustular over 2 days with a dramatic increase in CRP >380mg/L and worsening renal function. She remained systemically well. A wound swab grew methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus. Oral flucloxacillin and metronidazole were commenced. MRI showed enhanced T2 signals in the presacral fascia correlating to the sacral wound. A biopsy of the natal cleft wound showed similar findings to previous skin biopsies. Simultaneously, a pathergy-like reaction was noted with previous intravenous-cannula and biopsy sites becoming pustular. At this point, further clinical history revealed a 5 year history of recurrent oral and gential ulcerations up to 4 episodes a year. A clinical diagnosis of Behà §et disease was made. Subsequent HLA-B51 testing and ophthalmological examination were unremarkable. On day 10, she deteriorated acutely becoming hypotensive and hypoxic. Computer tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography revealed bilateral pneumonia. Serum white cell count and CK increased substantially from 11.0 x109/L to 37.2 x109/L (RR 4.0 – 11.0) and 233 U/L to 3715 U/L respectively in 4 days. She was intubated, commenced on broad-spectrum antibiotics with systemic glucocoticoid and inotropic support. A further CT of the pelvis revealed numerous sacral subcutaneous gas locules and fluid. Multiple debridement procedures achieved drainage of large amount of pus and excision of the necrotic tissue. Sacral necrotising myofasciits was confirmed on a frozen section specimen showing extensive necrosis within subcutis, fascia and skeletal muscle with numerous mixed bacteria. Post-operatively, a substantially elevated cardiac Troponin-I level of 51.33 ug/L (RR

Friday, October 25, 2019

Budgeting Issues :: essays papers

Budgeting Issues Music programs have a history of getting pushed aside in favor of subjects considered to be more academically valuable. From the 1970’s onward, music and arts have been routinely cut from school budgets. Until recently, New York City lacked almost any arts education program, and the Los Angeles school district had one specialty arts teacher per 4,700 students (Coeyman, 1998). According to the California Department of Education, the percentage of children who have access to music education has declined by half over the past five years (American). In addition, California schools are considering removing any music requirement for graduation (American). There are two main reasons for these cuts: money and test scores (Moran, 2004). In the wake of the No Child Left Behind Act, music education has been yet again squeezed from school budgets and schedules. With pressure mounting to raise reading and math scores, school administrators have added more reading and math classes th at leave little opportunity for elective courses like music (Moran, 2004). Music teacher employment has been decreased to the point that in Seattle, eleven teachers teach all of the elementary music classes in the district’s seventy schools (de Barros, 2004). No Child Left Behind Though No Child Left Behind is intended to improve the education system of the United States, interpretations of the act have lead to cuts in music education programs across the nation. While No Child Left Behind is a good idea in theory, in practice it has yet to work. The focus of funding has turned from what is good for students to what will help raise test scores. Paul Young, former president of the National Association of Elementary School Principals, commented on the trend among his colleagues to shrink funding for music education. As stated in a press release, â€Å"Music education helps a student learn ‘how to think,’ and without it schools are only ‘creating kids who are able to pass tests’† (Andrews, 2003). He is further quoted as saying, "When you take the arts away, particularly music, you're messing with a community's identity. Those principals out there who don't understand that and are only focusing on test scores are making a mis take" (Andrews, 2003). Secretary of Education Rod Paige echoes Young’s sentiments: â€Å"No Child Left Behind included the arts as a core academic subject because of their importance to a child’s education† (2004).

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Cypop5 Unit 2

Carlene Nixon 20. 3. 2013 Unit 2Understand how to establish a safe and healthy home based environment for children Question 2. 1 Knowledge Explain the Key components of a healthy and safe home based environment. Answer 2. 1The Key components are as follows; * Hygiene and waste disposal – As a home based childcare provider I will be offering hot meals and snacks, it is therefore important that this is done in hygienic conditions.Surfaces must be kept clean and sanitized before and after food is prepared. Toilet seats, taps and door handles should also be disinfected regularly to prevent the spread of germs. Waste disposal should also be done hygienically, by emptying them frequently and cleaning them thoroughly. Nappies should be wrapped and put in a separate bin outside to prevent any nasty odours in the house and when emptying potties this must be done down the toilet and NEVER down the wash basin. Storage and preparation of food – When preparing and cooking food it i s important to store it correctly by cooling it correctly wrapping it and storing it in the fridge or freezer. Temperatures should be 5 ®C and the Freezer should be 20 ®C to prevent the multiplying of bacteria. Raw meat should be covered and stores on the bottom shelf of the fridge on a shelf. Food should not be used after the ‘use by date’. Frozen food should be thawed thoroughly before cooking and should never be re- frozen. Care of animals – If there were to be pets in the home, floors would need to be cleaned after they had been fed to prevent bacteria multiplying and to reduce the risk of attracting pests. Care needs to be taken to keep the feeding dishes out of reach of the children. The animals would also need to be regularly wormed, de-flead and inoculated to prevent the risk of diseases spreading to the children. The garden should be cleared of dog/ cat poop daily and the garden equipment such as sand pits should be covered to prevent the pets climbi ng into them.A child, at no point would be left alone with an animal that could harm them. * Using equipment according to manufacturers guidance – There are many pieces of equipment that are used when caring for young children and babies, care should be taken to check the safety standard on each product such as the British Standards Institute or the CE mark or Lion mark on Toys. Care should be taken to read manufacturer’s Instructions when, for example, fitting a car seat, as if this is not installed correctly, in the event of an accident, could cause serious injury.Equip should also be age appropriate, using a car seat or pushchair which is too big or too small could be dangerous for the child. Likewise for toys, warnings should be indentified such as â€Å"not suitable for children under 36 months† as this could indicate a choking hazard. Equipment and toys should also be checked regularly to assess the condition i. e. any sharp edges of broken bits; they shou ld be repaired or thrown away. Push chairs and bikes etc should have their brakes and tyres checked and garden swings should have the ropes checked for loosening or wear and tear. Appropriate responses to illness, allergies, incidents and accidents – With regards to illness parents would be informed immediately, if the child was already ill, the only medication that would be administered would be given by the parents with written instruction of how much and how often to give the medication. A record would be made each time the medication was administered and would be signed by the parent at the end of the day. Any allergies would be noted at the time of registration and incidents and accidents would be recorded in the accidents book and communicated to the parent at the end of the day.Question 2. KnowledgeExplain the principles of safe supervision of children in the home based setting and off site. Answer 2. 2To ensure the safety of a child in the home and off site it is impo rtant to supervise them at all times. There are three types of supervision and when deciding which type is needed, various aspects should be considered such as; the age of the child and their developmental rate, growing independence and the need for privacy, the activity they are doing, where you are, and the surroundings.They are;Constant – This is when you watch them all the time, this would be appropriate for very young children who are perhaps on a climbing frame in the park, of for a young school child that is chopping their own apple. This principle would also be used on the school run as we would be walking along busy roads and crossing them too. Close Supervision – always present and watching them most of the time, ready to step in if the child’s safety is at risk. This principle could be used when in a park where you and the child have not been before or the environment may be less safe than usual due to weather conditions.It could also be used when toi leting a child that perhaps wants to be more independent or has a need for some privacy. General Supervision – This is when you are watching them most of the time and you are ready to step in if they are at risk of hurting themselves, this principle might be used if you at home and in the garden where the children are familiar with their surroundings and equipment, or when the children are enjoying some free play at home and in a safe environment intervention may only be needed, if they start to squabble over toys etc.Question 2. 3 KnowledgeIdentify ways of ensuring that equipment is suitable for children and meet safety requirementsAnswer 2. 3Ways in which you can ensure that equipment is suitable for children is by using equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions, for example, when using a pram or push chair it is important that all the safety catches are used to prevent it collapsing once the child is placed in it which could cause injury.When toys are s elected for play, they should be age appropriate, the ages are normally on the boxes of new toys and this information should be retained for future reference, if however this information is not available then no child under three years old should play with toys with any loose parts, as they could potentially cause a choking hazard. Regular checks should be made of the toys to check for any sharp edges or any pieces that may work themselves loose. Ropes on swings should be checked for any deterioration and brakes should be checked regularly on any prams pushchairs or bikes.When choosing toys they should bear CE mark or the Lion marks, if buying the toys second hand they might not choose these marks, but common sense should use to ensure that the toy is safe to play with. Question 2. 4 KnowledgeKnow where to obtain current guidance on health and safety risk assessment of the home based work setting. Answer 2. 4Ofsted offer an online risk assessments form that you can use when going ar ound you home, its list things to consider in each room and in the garden.They also provide a fact sheet for the requirements for the risk assessment. The Statutory Framework for the EYFS also provide information on the legal requirements of a risk assessment at home and when on outings too. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) also advises on risk assessment, they provide a â€Å"Five steps to Risk Assessment† booklet which includes template to assist with the assessment. ‘Prospects for Medway’ are also a service that provide information for childminders on any aspect including preparing for nspections and maintaining the requirements for health and safety. The local fire service will come to the home and offer advice and guidance with regards to fire safety in the home and Medway council offer Food Hygiene courses to educate on how to eliminate the risks of food poisoning within the home. Question 2. 5 KnowledgeExplain how to store and administer medicinesAnsw er 2. 5All medication should be provided by the parents/carers with written instructions and written consent before it can be administered to the child.The instructions should include the child’s name, dosage and how many times a day the medication should be administered. Parents will be asked to provide all medication needed by their child including inhalers, creams, etc. All medication should be kept in its original box with the manufacturer’s/pharmacist’s instructions along with the Child’s name, dosage and name of medication clearly stated on the box. All medication should be stored in a cupboard inaccessible to children; some medication could be stored on the top shelf of the fridge if necessary.Once the medication has been administered this information should be recorded with the Child’s name, the date and time it was administered and the dosage that was given, this would then need to be signed by the parents and the childminder. This would b e used, for example, in the event that the child responded badly to the medication, the records would show that all medication was administered correctly and the right dosage was given. | 2. 12. 22. 32. 42. 5|

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Managing communication knowledge and information Essay

London’s Heathrow is one of the world’s busiest airports. It is used by over 82 airlines flying to 180 destinations (in 85 countries) worldwide. The airport has five passenger terminals and a cargo terminal. In the 1950s, Heathrow had six runways, now it has just two parallel runways running eastwest of the airport. Heathrow has witnessed strong growth over recent decades, currently handling about 72.3 million passengers and over 477,000 flights a year compared to around 48 million passengers and 427,000 flights a year in 1996. In the absence of any increase in runway capacity, this growth has resulted in Heathrow’s runways operating at around 98% capacity compared to its main European competitors which operate at around 75% capacity, leading to increased delays, lower resilience and fewer destinations served. As the UK continues to face the challenge of airport capacity, Heathrow is considered the most deliverable solution – because it builds on one of the UK’s strongest national assets. Over the last decade since 2003,  £11bn has been spent on making Heathrow world-class, with the award-winning Terminal 5 and the new Terminal 2 (The Queen’s Terminal which opened in June 2014). There are other several reasons why Heathrow is best placed to deliver more jobs, more exports, business opportunities and air travel options for passengers. For example, the centre of economic gravity is to the west of London. There are 120 of the UK’s top 300 company HQs located within a 15 mile radius of Heathrow, compared to just 16 within 15 miles of Gatwick. Several businesses are located closer to Heathrow as they recognise the greater long-haul connections and surface access it has – making it easier for them to do business around the globe. The Thames Valley area, for example, has 60% more international businesses than the national UK average, 100% more US businesses and 260% more Japanese businesses. Heathrow will  help more UK businesses go global with a third runway as it already carries more freight exports and imports than every other UK airport combined, and cargo facilities will be doubled as a result of this plan. However, Heathrow authorities have faced a big problem, whether to build a new airport (option 1) or to increase the capacity of the existing one by building the 3rd runway and a sixth terminal (option 2). The second option needs less investment and is potentially easier to accomplish, but needs more political and social support and agreements as there are many stakeholders with different views about the proposal of a 3rd runway. On one side there are economic benefits, on the other side are considerations involving the environmental impact, increasing noise level and discontent of the people, particularly those living on the area close to the airport. The Airports Commission has been tasked with recommending the best way forward on the UK airport capacity issue. (Adapted from www.heathrowairport.com/about-us/, 2014) You have been recruited as a consultant to provide some contributions to the members of the Airports Commission, who have been tasked to produce a detailed report with recommendations that will help the Heathrow authorities in finding the best way forward on the 3rd runway plans to increase the airport capacity at Heathrow. Your communication skills, understanding of information needs and knowledge management will be crucial for you to be effective in this role. Note: This scenario is for Task 1 and Task 2 that cover Learning Outcomes LO1 and LO2. Dr Knowledge Mpofu September 2014 Semester Assignment Tasks Task 1: Assessing information and knowledge needs Based on Scenario for Task 1 and Task 2, you are expected to: AC1.1 Discuss  the range of decisions to be taken by the Heathrow Authorities and Management  Guidelines: Your answer should discuss the various possible decisions that can be taken by the Heathrow authorities in dealing with the issue highlighted in the scenario. AC1.2 Examine the information and knowledge needed to ensure effective decision taking based on the scenario Guidelines: In your answer to this question, you need to think about, and give examples of, the different types of information and knowledge needed by Heathrow authorities in order to ensure effective decision making in this case. The examples of types of information and knowledge you can give may be of different forms that include qualitative (descriptive information), quantitative (statistical data), official and unofficial information, policy and opinion, tacit and explicit knowledge. AC1.3 Assess internal and external sources of information and understanding based on the scenario Guidelines: Your answer should clearly identify the key sources of information that can help Heathrow authorities. These sources might include internal and external stakeholders of the company, formal and informal sources, team workers and customers. It will be useful to give examples in your answer. Task 2: Stakeholders, Personal networking and Decision-making process Based on Scenario for Task 1 and Task 2, you are expected to: AC2.1 Identify both internal and external key stakeholders of Heathrow airport who should be involved in the decision-making process in the issue highlighted in the scenario. AC2.2 Explain how Heathrow authorities can make contact with their internal and external stakeholders, and develop business relationships. AC2.3 Explain how Heathrow authorities can involve the identified stakeholders in the decision-making process, as appropriate. Guidelines: Your answer should explain the possible ways through which Heathrow authorities can connect, interact or share some ideas with some of the identified stakeholders of the organisation in order to develop business relationships with them. In addition, explain how these identified stakeholders can be involved in the decision-making process with a view to finding the best way forward on the 3rd runway plans to increase the airport capacity at Heathrow. AC2.4 In your role as a consultant in this case, design strategies for improving personal networking and involvement of stakeholders in the decision-making process based on the scenario and, (AC1.4) justify your recommendations for improvement. Guidelines: Your answer should suggest and describe possible ways (strategies) which you could use to improve your personal networking or connections with the identified stakeholders and involve them in discussions and decision-making processes based on the scenario. Any relevant approaches, illustrations or diagrams can be used in designing the strategies for improving networking and stakeholder participation in decision-making process (AC2.4), and your recommendations for improvement should be clearly justified to meet the assessment criteria AC1.4 as well. In this task, you will need to select and analyse the communication processes in an organisation which you are familiar with. In your selection of the organisation, make sure you will have access to both internal and external communication processes used by that organisation. Other students and lecturers will be interested to learn about the communication processes from your selected organisation. You are aware that you will need to find effective ways of communicating this to your colleagues and lecturers. In particular, you recognise that effective communication helps to improve relationships at work and other social situations by deepening your connections to stakeholders and improving teamwork, decision-making and problem solving for the success of an organisation. Based on Scenario for Task 3, you are expected to: AC3.1 Report on existing processes of communication that you have researched and observed in your selected organisation: (i) between management and employees (ii) between the organisation and its customers Guidelines: Your answer should clearly show evidence of some research carried out to identify the different information technology (IT) systems used within the organisation for communication purposes. The answer should also show how people within the organisation meet or create platforms for sharing ideas and decision-making. These opportunities for meetings could be structured and coordinated, planned, face-to-face, formal and informal. AC3.2 Design ways to improve the appropriateness of the communication processes (that you have identified in AC3.1 above). Guidelines: In designing the ways to improve the appropriateness of the communication processes, your answer may include some relevant illustrations or diagrams and specifying the IT systems involved in the process. AC3.3 Explain how the improvements to the ways and IT systems (that you have suggested above in AC3.2) can be implemented to ensure greater integration of systems of communication in the organisation. AC3.4 Based on Scenario for Task 3, create a personal plan to improve your own communication skills. A self-reflective summary is also be needed in this part of the task. Use the following guidelines to help you in preparing and creating an effective personal communication development plan: (i) Identify five communication skills relevant to your role These could be classified under verbal, non-verbal and written communication skills. (ii) Identify three strengths in your communication skills, and describe how each strength will enable you to be more effective or achieve in your role. (iii) Identify three weaknesses in your communication skills and describe how each weakness can be improved. (iv) Create your own Action Plan using a SMART Objective technique: Guidelines: Your Action plan should include the following: a. At least three SMART objectives that can be followed to improve your own personal communication skills b. Specific actions that can be taken to address each objective c. Possible barriers for each objective, and how you think the challenges can be addressed d. Resources and/or support required to achieve each objective e. Time scale: When you expect each objective to be achieved? (v) Produce a Self-Reflective Summary Guidelines: Finally, you are required to produce a Self-reflective summary on how you think the production of your Personal Communication Development Plan has helped you to understand your communication skills, and how to improve them. Your self-reflective summary may also include:   Information on how useful you found the techniques applied in this task (e.g Skills Audit table, SWOT analysis and Action plan based on SMART objectives). How helpful do you think the process of developing your Personal Communication Development Plan has been, and how this may be useful for you in the future. Task 3 covers assessment criteria AC3.1, AC3.2, AC3.3 and AC3.4 under LO3 Task 4: Improving Access to Systems of Information and Knowledge Scenario for Task 4: You are an Information Systems development specialist working for a Knowledge Management company in London. You have been hired by a University in London to produce information systems that could be used by registry and both students and lecturers in supporting their teaching and learning. In this role, you will produce technology systems which will specifically help the University to improve collection, formatting, storage and dissemination of information and knowledge, and assist in improving access to these resources for the benefit of the stakeholders of the university. Based on the Scenario for Task 4, you are expected to: AC4.1 Report on existing approaches to the collection, formatting, storage and dissemination of information and knowledge to support the teaching and learning at the University. Guidelines: Your answer should identify and explain how different information technology systems (IT) and other approaches which are used by the University particularly for collection, formatting, storage and dissemination of information and knowledge available to support their teaching and learning process. In your answer, you may also think about approaches that help to ensure the knowledge and information available within the University to their students is consistent, reliable, current, valid, legal and kept safely and confidential. AC4.2 Carry out appropriate changes to improve the collection, formatting, storage and dissemination of information and knowledge involving the teaching and learning at the University. Guidelines: Your answer should suggest possible changes that can be done to  improve the collection, formatting, storage and dissemination of information and knowledge at the University. You may think about better ways to handle knowledge and information, including how these could be displayed and disseminated to students, lecturers and other stakeholders within and outside the University while ensuring that the information is consistent, reliable, current, valid, legal and kept safely and confidential. AC4.3 Suggest one possible way (strategy) which you think can be used more effectively to improve access to information and knowledge for students, lecturers, management, employees and other stakeholders within and outside the University. Your answer should highlight some possible benefits of creating a way which can be used to increase access to information and knowledge that help in supporting the teaching and learning at the University.

The Biggest Sharks in the World

The Biggest Sharks in the World The whale shark holds the title of the worlds biggest shark species. Growing to a length of about 65 feet (the length of about 1 1/2 school buses!) and weighing about 75,000 pounds, this streamlined fish is really a gentle giant.   Some areas frequented by these sharks, such as Ningaloo Reef  in Australia, have become popular tourist destinations because of their swim-with-sharks programs. Whale sharks live  in tropical and warmer temperate waters in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In addition to their size, these sharks can be easily recognized by their gorgeous coloration, which is formed from lighter spots and stripes over a gray, blue or brown skin. They also have very wide mouths, which they use to eat tiny prey primarily plankton, crustaceans, and small fish, which are filtered from the water as the shark swims. The second-biggest shark species is the basking shark, which grows to about 40 feet long. These animals are also plankton feeders. They live primarily in temperate ocean waters throughout the world. The Biggest Shark Filmed In summer 2015, a video swept the news, touting it was the biggest shark ever filmed. What many of the news reports failed to mention is the species. There are more than 400 shark species, and they range in size from the 60-foot whale shark to pygmy sharks and lantern sharks that are less than a foot long when fully grown. The biggest shark filmed was actually a white shark, also known as a great white shark. At average lengths of 10 to 15 feet, white sharks are generally much smaller than a whale shark or basking shark.   So, while the 20-foot white shark nicknamed Deep Blue may (or may not) be the largest white shark ever filmed, its by far not the largest shark ever filmed as there is plenty of video footage of much larger whale sharks and their slightly smaller relatives, the basking shark.   The Biggest Shark Ever Caught According to the International Game Fish Association, the largest shark ever caught was a white shark nabbed in  Ceduna, Australia. This shark weighed 2,664 pounds.   Another one of the largest white sharks caught is thought to be a 20-foot shark caught by a trawler about 12 miles off the coast of Prince Edward Island, Canada. The significance of the sharks size was underestimated at the time, and the shark was initially buried. Eventually, a scientist dug it up to investigate it and realized the enormity of the find. The shark was later estimated to have been about 20 years old, meaning it may still have had some growing to do Sources Bateman, D. 2015. Canadian Who Caught Real-Life Jaws Wishes He Hadnt. Toronto Star Newspapers. CBS News. 2015. Giant Great White Shark Caught OFF P.E.I. Was a Teenager. Grenoble, R. 2015. This Is Deep Blue, Probably the Biggest Shark Youve Ever Seen. The Huffington Post.Martins, Carol, and Craig Knickle. 2009.  Whale Shark.  Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Using Genealogy Timelines as Research Tools

Using Genealogy Timelines as Research Tools Research timelines are not just for publicationuse them as part of your research process to organize and assess the mountain of information you have uncovered for your ancestor. Genealogy research timelines can help to examine our ancestors life in historical perspective, uncover evidence inconsistencies, highlight holes in your research, sort two men of the same name, and organize the evidence necessary to build a solid case. A research timeline in its most basic form is a chronological list of events. However, a chronological listing of every event in your ancestors life could go on for pages and become impractical for evidence evaluation purposes. Instead, research timelines or chronologies are most effective if used to answer a specific question. Most often such a question will pertain to whether evidence may or may not pertain to a particular research subject. Some questions which might be answered with a genealogy research timeline: When did my ancestor migrate to or from a particular location?Why might my ancestor have emigrated from Germany in 1854?Is there only one man of a particular name in a certain area and time period, or has my research (or others) erroneously combined information from two men of the same name?Was my ancestor married only once, or multiple times (especially when the first name is the same)? The items you might want to include in your timeline may vary based on your research goal. Typically, however, you might want to include the date of the event, a name/description of the event, the locality in which the event occurred, the age of the individual at the time of the event, and a citation to the source of your information. Tools for Creating a Research Timeline For most research purposes, a simple table or list in a word processor (e.g. Microsoft Word) or spreadsheet program (e.g. Microsoft Excel) works well for creating a research timeline. To get you started, Beth Foulk offers a free Excel-based timeline spreadsheet on her website, Genealogy Decoded. If you make heavy use of a particular genealogy database program, check and see if it offers a timeline feature. Popular software programs such as The Master Genealogist, Reunion, and RootsMagic include built in timeline charts and/or views. Other software for creating genealogy timelines includes: Genelines - Genelines timeline software includes seven customizable timeline charts and reads directly from Family Tree Maker versions 2007 and earlier, Personal Ancestral File (PAF), Legacy Family Tree, and Ancestral Quest. Genelines also supports GEDCOM import.XMind - This mind-mapping software offers a number of different ways to look at your data. For research timeline purposes, the Fishbone Chart can be helpful for showing the causes of a specific event, and the Matrix View offers an easy way to organize and represent chronological data.SIMILE Timeline Widget - This free, open-source web-based tool helps you to visually represent your timelines for easy online sharing with family or colleagues. The SIMILE widget supports easy scrolling, multiple time bands, and inclusion of photos, however youll need to be able to work with and edit code (at a level similar to basic HTML website coding) to use this program. SIMILE also offers a Timeplot widget. See the Getting Started guide for more details. Time Glider - If you prefer a visual timeline solution that doesnt require a lot of technical skill, then this subscription, web-based timeline software makes it easy to create, collaborate on, and publish interactive timelines. A free plan is available (students only) for very simple timelines with limited photos. The regular $5 monthly plan offers extensive flexibility.Aeon Timeline - This Mac-based timeline software equips you with a variety of tools for creative and analytical thinking. It is designed for writers creating story plots, but the same tools for connecting people, places, and relationships with events is perfect for genealogical research. Want something even more creative? Valerie Craft shares a demonstration of using the free presentation software Prezi to create a visual genealogy timeline on her blog Begin with Craft. Case Studies Demonstrating the Use of Genealogy Timelines: Thomas W. Jones, Organizing Meager Evidence to Reveal Lineages: An Irish Example- Geddes of Tyrone, National Genealogical Society Quarterly 89 (June 2001): 98–112.Thomas W. Jones, Logic Reveals the Parents of Philip Pritchett of Virginia and Kentucky, National Genealogical Society Quarterly 97 (March 2009): 29–38.Thomas W. Jones, Misleading Records Debunked: The Surprising Case of George Wellington Edison Jr., National Genealogical Society Quarterly 100 (June 2012): 133–156.Marya C. Myers, One Benjamin Tuell or Two in Late Eighteenth-Century Rhode Island? Manuscripts and a Timeline Provide the Answer, National Genealogical Society Quarterly 93 (March 2005): 25–37.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Appreciative Inquiry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Appreciative Inquiry - Essay Example It’s about finding out what makes something alive, what makes someone the way they are, and what makes someone do the best at something. The Appreciative Inquiry is about asking questions not that get the job done, but focuses on questions that help anticipate and solve problems before they are ever created. The Appreciative Inquiry looks to see the best in people. It looks to get people to talk about their accomplishments: their past accomplishments, their present accomplishments, what they’re proud of, and what they love. The Appreciative Inquiry is all about making you learn the best about someone. It’s all about focusing on high-point movement. Essentially, it’s about allowing someone to â€Å"toot their own horn,† so to speak. Many people like the Appreciative Inquiry because it focuses on what is the best them. Overall, the Appreciative Inquiry is about learning the best in people, and about learning what they’re discovering, what they’re dreaming, what they’re designing, and what makes them the most

Friday, October 18, 2019

Providing support to families of individuals with severe mental health Research Paper

Providing support to families of individuals with severe mental health diagnoses - Research Paper Example Clients suffering from mental problems such as depression are most likely to live with parents and other family members. Such clients require support to get through the recovery period and assist them from succumbing to their habits once more (Baucom, Shoham, Mueser,  Daiuto,  Stickle, 1998, p. 57). The National Institute of Mental Health has carried out a survey that proved an approximated 17 million adult citizens enduring depression on an annual basis (Becker and Drake, 2006, p. 149). Depression is a factual and psychological problem with an extreme price of suffering and decreased work output. At the same time, depression is a treatable mental illness. Curtis is an educational and coaching analyst at the University of California, who has evolved his profession by service users following an analysis opinion carried out by the National Institute of Mental Health. Curtis was enduring migraines, severe headaches, sleepless nights, hallucinations and even convulsions while working at the university. Curtis sought for psychological help from specialists. Even though his journey to recovery is still incomplete, he struggles with his symptoms, while sorrowful the financial and relationship losses that he has undergone (Kuyken, Dalgleish and Holden, 2007, p. 5). Curtis has been divorced twice in one year, with both spouses claiming that they do not get â€Å"enough quality time since their husband is ever-working.† Late working hours, constant interruption from students, banking alerts, family and children demands have continuously depleted Curtis’ mind as he seeks to satisfy each of the needs. Therefore, Curtis sought for mental help at the National Institute of Mental Health. As a result, his siblings, children and career colleagues played a enormous role in causing his depression, as well as offering support for mental help. In accordance with my professional help, self-help and mutual

Gay Marriage Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gay Marriage - Research Paper Example The reasons for my belief will be discuss thoroughly in the following pages. But before that discussion, I shall present the history of gay marriage in America and the controversial landmark ruling of the Supreme Court regarding the legalization of gay marriage in San Francisco back in 2004. I shall have discussions regarding how countries such as the Netherlands have already recognized that these unions are valid and carry specific economic benefits for all concerned. I will touch upon the fact that 19 states beginning with New York, San Francisco, and Massachusetts, including California have already passed state laws legally recognizing these unions. It is my belief that our national laws and policies must be revised to follow suit or else it will fall behind the times and become irrelevant in our future societies. I will prove that in the long run, gay marriage is exactly what we need in order to cure certain problems within the psyche of our nation. In America, the first document ed case of gay marriage license application dates back to 1967 when Michael McConnel and Richard John Baker applied for an Oklahoma marriage license. This was the time of the Stonewall Riots and a huge wave of change was taking over the gay and lesbian communities. (Eskridge & Spedale 5). The Stonewall riots were taken by the gay and lesbian community as a chance to have: ... marched out of their closets and challenged their outlaw status. Lesbian and gay activists insisted that the state should no longer treat them as presumptive criminals and should instead, treat them the same as it treated straight citizens. This was the first time that the once hidden in the shadows issue of gay marriage came to the forefront of a public debate that would run for over 30 years. The state was now in a precarious position. Do they allow the re-definition of marriage as also covering same sex couples or not? Marriage had always been defined as a union between a man and a woman for decades. Now tha t definition was being challenged and the state felt a need to protect the sanctity of marriage as defined by their understanding of the law. And that is exactly what the state legislators did. But true love will never be denied. To this day, in the states where gay marriage is not yet recognized, they continue to have life bonding commitment ceremonies and construct families by conceiving children through artificial means. They are in fact, leading the normal life of any traditional couple. However prude that the United States proved to be, other countries during the same time frame were already recognizing the rights of gay couples and treating them with the normalcy that they so deserved as citizens of their country. Denmark and Sweden were the first countries to allow and recognize same sex unions. In fact Denmark is noted as, in 1989, having been the first country to: ...enact a law enacting (almost) all the rights of marriage to same sex couples. These unions, were called regi stered partnerships. ((Eskridge & Spedale 5) Due to the approval of this law in Denmark, there was an influx of gay couples into the country coming from other countries like the United States, who took advantage of the law by registering and residing in Denmark as same sex couples. As an institution, marriage by definition has been challenged and revised by same sex couples across the globe over the past decades. Although not

Gender and Politics in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gender and Politics in America - Essay Example These reasoning’s parallel the social barriers women have endured throughout the ages. Those that rule whether they are the church, government or financial leaders, shape the laws and ideology of a society. Consequently, the rules of society favor those in power which has been predominantly male in composition. Until the printing press allowed for ideas to be widely and freely circulated, the patriarchal dominance was total. The language was the tool of oppression yet proved to instigate the beginnings of emancipation. The proliferation of knowledge permeated both genders thus aided in moving the balance of power slightly back toward the center. At about the time of the printing press’s invention, women in America generally did not attend school. Education led to the growth of economic independence for women which translated in the growth of political power. â€Å"Without economic power, women are denied honor and prestige. Economic power has important consequences for what women can, or cannot do in a society†. Throughout the history of much of the world including the regions where the English language originated and developed, society has been dominated and controlled by patriarchal rule. The resulting product of the language represents this dominance by means of categorizing the realities of society. Language establishes the boundaries of perception. Male references in everyday speech dominate language usage simply because males have historically dominated society and to a large extent still do.

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 16

Compare and contrast - Essay Example th mountain locations and beach locations are accustomed to having a large number of visitors each year so there are plenty of good hotels and restaurants to go to. Mountain locations will have hotels that cater to their environment, meaning more chalet-style architecture and an attempt to create a sense of isolation within the woods. Decorations are often dark because of the blinding white of winter snow, their busiest time of year, but this can sometimes feel oppressive during the summer months and the world is shaded by the leaves of giant trees. Beach locations have the opportunity to perfect their look as a tropical retreat since their weather stays relatively similar all year through. Decorations are often light on the outside because of the tendency of the sun to bleach out colors and as a means of keeping things cooler inside, but interiors are often full of color and life, always making it seem ready for a party. Restaurants in both places will offer good food, but mountain restaurants will tend more toward beef and a mixture of food while beach locations tend to offer more seafood because they can get it fresh. Although beach locations can offer many of the same activities year-round, both beach and mountain locations need to work with the seasons to offer widely different activities. In the mountains, the seasons will very strongly dictate what you can and cant do. You cant go skiing in the summer in most places and its very difficult to find wildflowers in winter. In the mountains, you can also go hiking, mountain biking, snowmobiling, hunting, freshwater fishing, or just enjoy the services provided by the hotel of your choice. At the beaches, activities are also limited a bit by the seasons, but less so. It might be cold, but you can still go swimming in the ocean in winter and it might be hot, but you can still go sailing in the summer. At the beach, you also have the option of going water skiing anytime as well as kite-boarding, wind-surfing,

A Critique of the Site StarFall.com Design and Content Research Paper

A Critique of the Site StarFall.com Design and Content - Research Paper Example Parents find Starfall useful as it prepares their children for school, and supports them even after they join the school. The content of the website focuses on that method of learning that emphasizes the relationship between letter and sound, skills for recognizing words, and strategies for reading and comprehension. It does this with the help of activities like animated stories, movies and games. The site consists of four major units.The "Get Ready to Read" section is about the alphabet and the alphabets are pronounced in a child’s voice. The "Learn to Read" section which is for early readers and for those who are just beginning to read has fifteen different modules consisting of games, stories and movies that teach the child various letter sounds and skills. The third section, "Its Fun to Read,† designed for intermediate readers consist of activities related to art and music. The last section, â€Å"I’m Reading† is for advanced readers and has online storybooks that include well-known folktales and myths. The website also has an active bulletin board that can be used for dis cussion by parents. When students complete a program they can obtain a feedback of their performance and also give a feedback. The reading level of the text and stories is according to the grade levels it was designed for. The content of Starfall.com helps the learner to go beyond basics into a higher level of thinking. It enhances a student’s curiosity Starfall.com is well designed and the animation used compliments and enhances the process of learning. Starfall.com uses a variety of media that includes texts, graphics, video and audio narration. The main aim of a web profile is that it must be most attractive, says Stephanie Ruth (2009). In Starfall.com the colorful graphics and easy-to-read text make it attractive for children. Cartoon characters are also used in interactive stories and activities. The graphics on this website are appropriate to the goals of this program.

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Gender and Politics in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gender and Politics in America - Essay Example These reasoning’s parallel the social barriers women have endured throughout the ages. Those that rule whether they are the church, government or financial leaders, shape the laws and ideology of a society. Consequently, the rules of society favor those in power which has been predominantly male in composition. Until the printing press allowed for ideas to be widely and freely circulated, the patriarchal dominance was total. The language was the tool of oppression yet proved to instigate the beginnings of emancipation. The proliferation of knowledge permeated both genders thus aided in moving the balance of power slightly back toward the center. At about the time of the printing press’s invention, women in America generally did not attend school. Education led to the growth of economic independence for women which translated in the growth of political power. â€Å"Without economic power, women are denied honor and prestige. Economic power has important consequences for what women can, or cannot do in a society†. Throughout the history of much of the world including the regions where the English language originated and developed, society has been dominated and controlled by patriarchal rule. The resulting product of the language represents this dominance by means of categorizing the realities of society. Language establishes the boundaries of perception. Male references in everyday speech dominate language usage simply because males have historically dominated society and to a large extent still do.

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

A Critique of the Site StarFall.com Design and Content Research Paper

A Critique of the Site StarFall.com Design and Content - Research Paper Example Parents find Starfall useful as it prepares their children for school, and supports them even after they join the school. The content of the website focuses on that method of learning that emphasizes the relationship between letter and sound, skills for recognizing words, and strategies for reading and comprehension. It does this with the help of activities like animated stories, movies and games. The site consists of four major units.The "Get Ready to Read" section is about the alphabet and the alphabets are pronounced in a child’s voice. The "Learn to Read" section which is for early readers and for those who are just beginning to read has fifteen different modules consisting of games, stories and movies that teach the child various letter sounds and skills. The third section, "Its Fun to Read,† designed for intermediate readers consist of activities related to art and music. The last section, â€Å"I’m Reading† is for advanced readers and has online storybooks that include well-known folktales and myths. The website also has an active bulletin board that can be used for dis cussion by parents. When students complete a program they can obtain a feedback of their performance and also give a feedback. The reading level of the text and stories is according to the grade levels it was designed for. The content of Starfall.com helps the learner to go beyond basics into a higher level of thinking. It enhances a student’s curiosity Starfall.com is well designed and the animation used compliments and enhances the process of learning. Starfall.com uses a variety of media that includes texts, graphics, video and audio narration. The main aim of a web profile is that it must be most attractive, says Stephanie Ruth (2009). In Starfall.com the colorful graphics and easy-to-read text make it attractive for children. Cartoon characters are also used in interactive stories and activities. The graphics on this website are appropriate to the goals of this program.

Medical Terminology Weekly Reflection Week Two Essay Example for Free

Medical Terminology Weekly Reflection Week Two Essay In this week’s learning, I learned from Readings and Lectures from Chapter Two and Four. In Chapter Two I learned, The Medical Terms of the different Anatomical Planes, Directions, and Body Regions. I learned the individual body systems into the organization and functions of the body as a whole. I learned How to comprehend, spell, and write medical terms pertaining to the body as a whole so I can communicate and document medical terms accurately and precisely. I learned to recognize and pronounce medical terms pertaining to the body as a whole so that I can communicate verbally with accuracy and precision. Fellow Classmates and I had to discuss the different types of Bone Disorders and how we can prevent them. Learning the different types of Bone Disorders was one of many medical sources that I didn’t know much about. After this week’s Bone Disorder discussion I now know that there are many types of Bone Disorders and what the causes and effects are from them. In this week’s course assignments, I learned from a Chapter Review, Chapter Quiz, Connect Activity, and the introduction of the Final Portfolio Assignment Research Paper. Learning from the Chapter Review, it was a hundred multiple questions about the chapters and lectures of this week. I learned from the Chapter Quiz which was also a final review of this week’s material learning. I learned from the Connect Activity by completing the assignment modules of this week’s learning material. I was introduced to my final portfolio project consists the assignment instructions and grading rubric for a research paper which is due in week seven. In this week’s learning, I can apply each aspect of my learning from chapter readings, lectures, discussions, and class assignments through my personal, professional, and academics life. Personally, I’m gaining information about what my body can do and how it is done. Professionally, I will use each of the medical terms and knowing the medical information throughout my career. Academically, I’m sure I’ll use my knowledge of learning from this course to another course too.

Monday, October 14, 2019

What Is A Mixed Economy? Benefits of Mixed Economy

What Is A Mixed Economy? Benefits of Mixed Economy The most current economies offer a blend of two or more budgetary frameworks. People in general part works nearby the private segment, however may seek the same constrained assets. Blended budgetary frameworks dont hinder the private part from benefit looking for, yet do screen benefit levels and may nationalize organizations that are regarded to go against general society great. Blended monetary frameworks are not free enterprise frameworks: the administration is included in arranging the utilization of assets and can push control over organizations in the private part. Governments may try to redistribute riches by burdened the private part, and utilizing stores from charges to push social destinations. While free enterprise permits costs to be set by supply and interest strengths and communism fixes costs through focal arranging, blended budgetary frameworks take into consideration costs in a few areas to change, while altering different costs, for example, vitality. Discuss whether a mixed economic system is able to take care of the welfare of the citizens in general. Include two country examples to support your discussion. The first country example to support my discussion is American is a paragon of a mixed economy system. The American free endeavor framework underscores private possession. Private organizations transform most merchandise and administrations, and very nearly two-thirds of the countrys aggregate budgetary yield goes to people for particular utilize the purchaser part is so incredible, indeed, that the country is some of the time portrayed as having a buyer economy. This accentuation on private proprietorship emerges, to some degree, from American convictions about individual opportunity. From the time the country was made, Americans have dreaded extreme government force, and they have looked to farthest point governments power over people incorporating its part in the financial domain. Also, Americans for the most part accept that an economy described by private proprietorship is liable to work more effectively than unified with generous government possession. At the point when financial powers are free, Americans accept, supply and interest focus the costs of merchandise and administrations. Costs, thus, advise organizations what to prepare; if individuals need to a greater extent a specific great than the economy is generating, the cost of the great ascents. That gets the consideration of new or different organizations that, sensing a chance to acquire benefits, begin preparing a greater amount of that great. Then again, if individuals need less of the great, costs fall and less aggressive makers either go bankrupt or begin transforming diverse products. Such a framework is known as a business sector economy. A communist economy, conversely, is described by more government proprietorship and focal arranging. Most Americans are persuaded that communist economies are characteristically less proficient in light of the fact that administration, which depends on duty incomes, is far more outlandish than private organizations to regard value s igns or to feel the control forced by business sector strengths Nowadays, pretty much everyone in America has made their peace with the blended economy. Granted, you may have the capacity to discover a honest libertarian out there some place who genuinely accepts that the administration ought to assume no part at all in financial life. Also you may even have the capacity to find an extremist comrade, some old lefty sticking to the disparaged long for a charge economy controlled by the autocracy of the working class. However those gentlemen are a long distance on the periphery. Whatever is left of us live in a world in which the blended economy appears to be superbly ordinary People practice a lot of particular control over their budgetary lives; most transactions happen in a commercial center that is moderately free. The soul of the countrys financial life is found in the private segment. Be that as it may the administration likewise assumes a critical part in the economy also. It officials the commercial center and through a mixture of measures impacts the courses in which assets are designated and circulated. Second country that supports my discussion is Malaysia is economy system mixed economy system. The Malaysia investment exercises completed by two gatherings, the first is a gathering of business people who do creation exercises of merchandise and administrations requested by Malaysians and in addition for fares. In the meantime the administration has done budgetary exercises in giving open merchandise like ways, schools, wellbeing and others. Plus the state-claimed organizations, for example, Khazanah Berhad, is likewise heartily included in financial exercises. In the meantime the legislature does monetary exercises focused around Islamic financial framework, in particular by giving Islamic managing an account framework. In any case, the Islamic keeping money framework in Malaysia is little contrasted and the accepted managing an account framework. In Malaysia, The value instrument is permitted to work however in a few cases the value component fizzles or works against open investment. The administration can help the specialists concurring the legislature enactment and regulation and business are not just incorporated the vender, that is incorporated the purchaser, the legislature additionally need to help the buyer as verify that the shopper are fulfill or concur that the costs of products and administrations gave by the dealer. Thus, we discuss value component. Value system is wide of assorted types of approach to adjust the purchaser and vender through value proportioning, value apportioning is imply that the conveyance of merchandise and administrations utilizing market and cost. Because of the lack of assets, value apportioning was required as needs and needs are boundless however the assets are constrained, for the contending utilize the accessible merchandise and administrations must be apportioned out. So as to verify that those purchasers eager and ready to pay the value, markets apportion stock by constraining the buy just is likewise required. Plus that, value component is additionally portraying the cost of products and administrations focused around the interest and supply. Be that as it may in a few cases the value system comes up short or works against open premium, for example, the purchaser are not capable and not eager to use the cash to buy the products and administrations because of the vender are put the cost are not been fulfill by the lions share of customer and the dealer dont conform to the value component worked by the legislature. Since the lack and surplus happen in the business, the legislature have obligation to defeat these issues. Along these lines, the maker of the merchandise and administrations will raise the cost to procure more benefit. Moreover, when the business confronted deficiency, there are such a large amount of burdens to the shopper. For instance, a cell telephone organization was dispatch a just took the ribbon off new cellular telephone, this cell telephone was made by cutting edge engineering. Tragically, the cost of the cellular telephone is very costly. After propelled to the business sector a time of time, the supply dont take care of the demand of the buyer as the customer not eager to use that much cash to buy that cellular telephone. In this way, the maker will decrease the cost of the cell telephone to take care of the demand of the shopper. In this circumstance, the administration needs to utilize different approaches to revise the imperfections. In this way, the duty installment for the family unit and organizations will be reasonable to them and the organization ready to set the cost of the item and administrations as indicated by the interest on account of the assessment installment are been balanced by ascertain the salary in every certain time of time or the organizations can set the item and administrations in low cost as the expense installment was decreased. Conclusion The legislature ought to intercede the economy by the right way, rectify the deformities by utilizing suitable results, conquer the economy issue by well and deal with the account by sound. It is on the grounds that Malaysia and American is a blended economy framework, the legislature need to mediate it by professionally and consider it important, if not, there will some negative evidence will happen, for example, supplier and purchaser disappointment, open behavior exhibit due to the cost of every day needs of products expand by abruptly etc. At the point when confronting surplus or deficiencies in the business, government may make fitting move to alter the circumstances.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Special Needs in the Classroom :: Education Disabilities Essays

Special Needs in the Classroom Virginia teachers face many challenges when trying to meet the needs of special needs students in their science classrooms. The most difficult task at hand for Virginia teachers is making sure that all students (general education and special education) learn the content outlined by the Virginia Standards of Learning. These standards "set reasonable targets and expectations for what teachers need to teach and students need to learn" (Virginia Standards of Learning, 1995, foreward). These targets and expectations are in the four core subjects, including science, however, no accommodations have been made in the SOLs for special needs students. All students, regardless of ability will need to know the same material in order to pass and graduate. One way that Virginia teachers meet the challenging needs of students is through the use of special strategies. Much research has been conducted which supports the use of special strategies to teach science content to students with special needs. Research has shown that some strategies to help special needs students in science are to prioritize materials in order of importance, pre-teach vocabulary that may be difficult for students, paraphrase passages, provide study guides, graphics, and organizers, or provide audio-taped texts (Munk, Bruckert, & Call). Other research suggests that teachers should, "employ strategies that emulate the principles of inclusive education (for example, outcome-based education, multiple intelligence theory, constructivist learning, cooperative learning, use of technology in the classroom, and peer-mediated instruction)." (Norman, Caseau, and Stegfanich, 1998) Gallas (1995) writes that it is important to build on students’ prior knowledge, so that they can use that knowledge to explore theories and construct other ideas and explanations. Methods of evaluation are also a concern and challenge for educators of special needs students today. Finson & Ormsbee (1998) argue that, "rubrics are effective methods for objectively and individually assessing the achievement of students with learning and behavior problems in inclusive science classrooms†¦." Rubrics are especially useful because they are written as a specific outline of the skills or knowledge that the students are to master after the lesson and points are awarded in a systematic and objective manner. To further explore the realm of special needs students and their education in science classrooms in Virginia today, we interviewed two educators from Central Virginia. "There simply is never enough time in the day to meet the needs of all students. And, when you think about it, they all have special needs†¦" Anne, a fourth grade teacher remarked when asked how she finds time to attend to both her general education students and special education students.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Psychoanalytic Approach to Corona :: Corona Essays

Psychoanalytic Approach to Corona  Ã‚   The psychoanalytic approach applied to Corona can determine the state of minds of the characters Buddy, Lee, and Big Foot. At the end of the story, Buddy's super ego represses his id, thus proving that although his simple mind has always relied on his id, his super ego turns his character into a hero. Lee depends on her id and super ego throughout the story. Finally her ego balances out the other two. Big Foot's character does not change. His super ego is in charge of his life. Big Foot will never be able to see reality or pleasure because of his over-used super ego. What first catches our eye is the title of the story. Corona could mean, "The sun's outer atmosphere that is visible during total eclipses of the sun.", or the "nation's first photo reconnaissance satellite system, operating from 1960-1972.". Either description will fit the story considering the way the song, Corona makes everyone feel. When Buddy loses his eyesight, the song Corona is his light that helps him escape from the pain. The song is also an escape for Lee, whose body and mind needs sunlight to relax and feel like a normal nine year old. In the first paragraph, the three mental processes mold a perfect outline to what we should expect throughout the story. The id tells us that Buddy's mother is an alcoholic. She drinks in self pity because Buddy's father left before Buddy was born. Her alcohol does for her as Corona does for Buddy. Id is also the reason Buddy attempts to steal a helicopter with a girl named Delores-Jo. Buddy's ego lied about his age when caught and is why he must go to prison instead of reform school. His superego helps him to repress those feelings left by penitentiary life by deciding to move to New York to start over, instead of dealing with his problems, including a child on the way by a waitress. Buddy and Lee come from different backgrounds, but their life struggles bring them together. Buddy, comes from lower class. He has grown up in an single parent, alcohol abusive home. He has gone to prison and is now a blue collar worker. Lee has suffered from her parents recently divorcing. Her telepathy has brought her misery instead of insight. Buddy is simple minded and Lee is very intelligent. Psychoanalytic Approach to Corona :: Corona Essays Psychoanalytic Approach to Corona  Ã‚   The psychoanalytic approach applied to Corona can determine the state of minds of the characters Buddy, Lee, and Big Foot. At the end of the story, Buddy's super ego represses his id, thus proving that although his simple mind has always relied on his id, his super ego turns his character into a hero. Lee depends on her id and super ego throughout the story. Finally her ego balances out the other two. Big Foot's character does not change. His super ego is in charge of his life. Big Foot will never be able to see reality or pleasure because of his over-used super ego. What first catches our eye is the title of the story. Corona could mean, "The sun's outer atmosphere that is visible during total eclipses of the sun.", or the "nation's first photo reconnaissance satellite system, operating from 1960-1972.". Either description will fit the story considering the way the song, Corona makes everyone feel. When Buddy loses his eyesight, the song Corona is his light that helps him escape from the pain. The song is also an escape for Lee, whose body and mind needs sunlight to relax and feel like a normal nine year old. In the first paragraph, the three mental processes mold a perfect outline to what we should expect throughout the story. The id tells us that Buddy's mother is an alcoholic. She drinks in self pity because Buddy's father left before Buddy was born. Her alcohol does for her as Corona does for Buddy. Id is also the reason Buddy attempts to steal a helicopter with a girl named Delores-Jo. Buddy's ego lied about his age when caught and is why he must go to prison instead of reform school. His superego helps him to repress those feelings left by penitentiary life by deciding to move to New York to start over, instead of dealing with his problems, including a child on the way by a waitress. Buddy and Lee come from different backgrounds, but their life struggles bring them together. Buddy, comes from lower class. He has grown up in an single parent, alcohol abusive home. He has gone to prison and is now a blue collar worker. Lee has suffered from her parents recently divorcing. Her telepathy has brought her misery instead of insight. Buddy is simple minded and Lee is very intelligent.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Employee Relations Management

Employee Relations is a process of managing diversity, flexibility and change, which involves maintaining employer-employee relationships that contribute to satisfactory productivity, motivation, and morale. Employee Relations is concerned with preventing and resolving problems involving individuals, which arise out of or affect work situations.Employee Relations cover all areas such as employer & employee relationship, communication, employee participation and involvement, developments in collective bargaining, equal opportunities, grievances handling, disciplinary management, health and safety, industrial relations and employment protection law, organizational change and people, personnel and recruitment and quality of working life etc. Today employers should now be undertaking an in-depth review of their approach to employment relations.Organisations which out-perform their competitors do so because they apply a coherent set of people management and development practices appropria te to their needs. Successful organisations are increasingly those which have a constructive relationship with employees and a management approach which enables them to develop and draw on the full potential of their people. Considerable improvements have been made to the practice of employment relations in recent years. People are working hard and enjoy going to work. They want to learn.However, while the damaging effects of poor relations have been radically reduced, many organisations are failing to secure the positive benefits that are available from improving them. Economic pressures dictate that organisations will change more frequently than in the past. Technology and the demand for customised services are shifting managerial focus towards knowledge management and people as their key differentiators. This will require substantial changes in the understanding and behaviour of the people who work in organisations.Employees will need to extend their skills and use them more effe ctively. But change initiatives often fail to deliver the results expected of them, largely because people issues have been neglected or not fully thought through. The test of employment relationships in the future will be their effect on managing change and eliciting employees’ willing contribution. 2. EVOLUTION OF EMPLOYEE RELATIONS From the beginning of organized work activity when first one person directed the work of others, the subject of industrial relationsUntil the end of the 1970s, the acceptance of adversarial industrial relations, and therefore the need to resolve conflict, as being the natural order led both management and unions to from develop collective bargaining to a fine art. At the end of the 1970s, the employee relations entered into a new era. Disorderly collective bargaining played its part in bringing down the elected government and marked the start of a new era during which much of the legislation underpinning trade union influence was removed and rep laced by new legislation limiting the scope for damaging industrial action.Instead, a growing coalition of interests aimed at the maintenance of industrial peace and price stability in the context of substantial inward investment resulted in their making social partnership work at the national level. Similarly, in other major countries in Europe, social partnership at national level did not break down in the way in which it did in the UK. There is no doubt that attitudes to work and relationships at work have changed since the year 1970s.The driving force for much change has been economic and the agenda has been framed by managers. Working patterns and practices have become more flexible and managers are using people more effectively. The term ‘Employee Relations’ was conceived as a replacement for the term ‘Industrial Relations’. Industrial relations is generally understood to refer the relationship between employers and employees collectively. The decline of industrial relations can be measured on number of different dimensions.From peak of some 12 million plus union memberships has fallen to around 7 million today. Between 1980 and 2000, the coverage of collective agreements contracted from over three-quarters to under a third of employed workforce. At the same time, the range of issues over which bargaining took place decreased massively. The content of collective bargaining has been reflected in a dramatic reduction in industrial actions since 1980. 3. IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON EMPLOYEE RELATIONSWhile there is widespread agreement that changes in the international economy associated with globalisation have important consequences for employment relations, there are fewer consensuses about their nature and significance. One view is that globalization has created pressures for convergence between different countries in regard to employment relations. Another is that national level institutions play a mediating role in maintaining c ross-national differences, leading to divergence.A third school rejects the convergence/divergence dichotomy and argues that complex interactions between global and national (or local) forces shape employment relations outcomes. 4. CHALLENGES IN 21ST CENTURY Customers have become more demanding. They want increasingly high quality service and they want to know that the latest technology at the lowest price is available. The achievement of business goals and financial returns is increasingly depend on delivery by organizations employees, where the employee relations play major role.The communication is the glue that makes policies real when they are ineffective. Two-way communication in employee relations is highly necessary in today’s situations. Getting communication right involves both professionalism and persistence. The qualities required include focusing on positive behaviours and outcomes, taking a positive problem solving approach, anticipating problems, recommending s olutions and being able to offer sound advice to senior management on implementations. The ability to manage conflict remains a key issue for many organizations.Mediations as a method or technique of resolving work place issues represents an important shift from the traditional industrial relations framework, with its emphasis on formal discipline and grievance procedures, towards more of a ‘win-win’ approach consisted with the philosophy of human resources management. Commitment and employee engagement are crucial to performance but they are not consistently high enough in HR- priorities. The employee information and consultation are helpful in raising the profile of employee voice and involvement.More effort need to be put into training and supporting employees to achieve their job objectives. As examples, team-working and change management as the basis off establishing and maintaining motivation and commitment, is among one of critical role of employee relations mana gers these days. 5. CONCLUSION Employee relation is maintaining employee – employer relationship that contributing to satisfactory productivity, motivating employees and ensuring healthy employee morale.The most successful organisations are those which have constructive relationships with employees and a management approach which enables them to develop and draw on the full potential of their people. Considerable improvements have been made to the practice of employment relations in recent years. People are working hard and enjoy going to work. They want to learn. However, while the damaging effects of poor relations have been radically reduced, many organisations are failing to secure the positive benefits that are available from improving them.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Figure Skating

Title: Figure skating General Purpose: To inform my audience about figure skating. Specific Purpose: To teach audience the fundamental parts of figure skating Central Idea: In order to do all fantastic figure skating perform, you have to learn the most basic parts of figure skating: to lace skates, fall and get up on skates, skate forward on ice. Introduction I. Attention step: Everyone may has seen on TV the classic â€Å"scratch spin† in figure skating, where the skater draws her arms and a leg in and speeds up tremendously. II.Introduce topic: I am really excited about watching that and I wish I could spin freely on ice as well. III. Credibility statement: According to website Olympic. org, figure skating is an Olympic sport in which individuals, pairs, or groups perform spins, jumps, footwork and other intricate and challenging moves on ice skates. However, in order to perform all those fantastic techniques, you have to learn the most basic parts of figure skating. IV. Pre view main points/state central idea: Today, I would like to tell you about how to lace your skates, how to fall and get up on skates, and how to skate forward on ice. Transition: First, let me tell you how to lace figure skates correctly because it will make the ice skating experience more enjoyable. ) Body I. Correct lacing of figure skates is very important and must be done a certain way. a. Loosen up the skates and stuff the feet inside the boots b. Tighten up the laces in the first half of the boot. c. Tighten the laces the most where the foot and the ankle bends. This is the most important part of lacing figure skates. Give the laces a good tug at this point and pull hard. d.Next lace around the hooks. Make a criss-cross pattern with the laces and pull with both hands around each hook e. Finish with a double knot on the lace. (Transition: Now we have put on the skates. Next, the important thing we should learn is how to fall and stand up on the ice. ) II. We should practice fal ling and getting up since falling is part of the sport so it's natural that this will happen. ) a. First bend your knees and squat into a  dip  position. b. Now, fall to the side and lean a bit forward as you fall on the ice.Don't lean back, or you may hit your head. c. Put your hands in your lap and not on the ice. If you leave your hands on the ice, another skater could skate over your fingers! d. Now, turn over on your hands and knees. e. Take one foot and place it between your hands. Leave the other foot behind and use its toe picks to stop your feet from sliding by applying pressure to your toes. f. Now, push yourself up and you should be standing on the ice! (Transition: Finally, it’s time to slide on ice. ) III. The last basic step of figure skating is sliding forward. . Put the arms, with the palms facing down, in front on an â€Å"imaginary table† for balance. b. Lean on your weak foot, for example your left foot, then push in a diagonal direction outwards with your strong foot. Pretend as though you're shoveling snow behind and to the right of you. This will propel you forward. c. Then bring the right foot back in next to the left and repeat the process. You should pretend riding a scooter down the street. d. Remember that the toe picks on figure skates are not meant to help with pushing.Use the entire blade to make the skates move. (Transition: That’s all I want to show you today, don’t forget these basic steps when you figure skate. ) Conclusion I. It’s really important to practice lacing skates, falling and standing up, skating forward. II. If you want to â€Å"scratch spin† even jump on ice, you have to master all these basic skills. Just keep in mind it takes a lot of practice and won't happen over night. Works Cited: â€Å"Figure skating†. Olympic. N. d. Web. 4 September 2006. Visual Aids: Figure skates.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Buddhist Temple Visit

Buddhism is religion that is based off of peace and spirituality taught by the teachings of Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gotama. Many who follow its teachings believe Buddhism to be more of a way of life or lifestyle choice rather a religion. Buddha is not a god, but one man that taught his followers a path of enlightenment from his experiences and values. Buddha’s main teachings were the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path. The Four Noble Truths were teachings about suffering, pain, disease, happiness, loneliness, and aging.It explained why we as humans can overcome certain obstacles in our lives by looking at the more spiritual side of things such as â€Å"Happiness is not something ready-made. It comes from your own actions. † (Dalai Lama). The Eightfold Path is the teachings of being moral, being aware of our actions and thoughts, developing compassion for others, and most importantly gaining wisdom from the understanding of The Four Noble Truths. I visited the Vietnamese Buddhist Center in Sugar Land this past Sunday and it was a sight to behold.The center was surrounded by a green metal fencing with some sort of crest or emblem that looked similar to an steering wheel on an old ship. Driving into the center, the main road was split then split into two smaller roads. The road to the left led to a parking lot, while the road to the right led to a smaller parking lot surrounded by small buildings that seem to be places of worship. The scenery that over hung the roads were statues of lion heads, beautiful trees and flowers in all sorts of colors.The main statue however was a huge tall Buddha in the middle of large pond filled with Koi Fish. There was a small tiled area that visitors could take pictures of the statue in its amazing and beautiful nature. The aura of the place was one of peace and tranquility. The small tiled visitor area was then extended by an overhanging wooden bridge leading to a large tiled courtyard with small trees that was around the perimeter. In the middle of the courtyard was two rows of small trees that were placed vertical to the steps of a large temple, which was the main place of worship.Behind the main temple was another small courtyard was two smaller buildings for worship to the left and the right of the courtyard. Another large building was to the back which looked fairly newly built. It seemed to be a place of serving food that contained no meat but some sort of meat substitute that was not artificially made from what the servers were telling me. Then to the right of that building was a small warehouse that looked to house desks and whiteboards for the weekly Vietnamese classes that are being held there.Outside of the warehouse was a basketball goal for the students that would come for Sunday school, and a small parking lot for more visitors. As I took off my shoes before entering the main temple before the first worship session began, I began to feel a sense of peace within myself as well those that were atten ding the worship session. Inside the main temple was a huge statue of Buddha surrounded with white silhouettes of the Lotus flower, which seems to be the symbol of peace. Tens of incense jars filled with sand litter the alter the room.The room smelled like incense, pleasant and peaceful. There were twenty rows of small cushions that were used for kneeling and sitting, and twenty rows of small raised shelves that were used for holding the prayers that were going to be recited during that session. People were filling the room really quickly, and seats were being taken fast. The elders were given their seats first, and if an elder came a tad late, someone would give them their spot and moved to the side of the room. Everyone was dressed somewhat casually. Most of the older occupants were wearing work clothes like the men wearing slacks and a nice fitted collared shirt, while the women would wear either a dress or slacks and nice top or blouse. The younger occupants, ones of my age or younger, would just be wearing casual school clothes like jeans and a tee shirt. In such a religious place, I have not yet witnessed a young female wearing short-shorts or any revealing outfit for that matter. The room was filled with a mild chatter of Vietnamese and English.Most conversations that I could comprehend were mostly of those catching up with each other and wondering how each other was doing and such. The younger occupants would be talking about the latest craze in music or movies. It suddenly got quiet as there was three loud bangs from striking of the gong to commence the prayers. The head monk for that prayer came out from one of the side doors in a traditional orange robe holding a microphone in his right hand, and prayer sheets in his left. He thanked us all for coming today and briefly explained he prayer we were going to be reciting. The prayer was for those that had lost a loved one, and for them not to be sad as their loved ones have found peace and tranquility as the moved on into the steps of enlightenment and eventually reincarnation. He then turned to the giant Buddha towards the front of the room and began reciting as everyone joined in and recited along. Everyone was on their knees having their hands together as they recited the prayer either from memory or from the pieces of paper that had three pages of prayers in Vietnamese.I could not read the prayers so I just silently glanced at them and tried to make sense of where we were in the prayers. Then one of the monks hit the small drum which everyone bowed for a few short seconds then returned to their original positions. Then a few moments later the drum was struck again, everyone bowed, but now stood up instead of returning to their knees. Then again, the small drum was struck, everyone bowed then returned to being on their knees. The prayer was now being recited faster as a drum was being struck with a beat in quick succession.This was repeated three times and when the prayers were being done recited, the head monk told those that have lost a loved one to follow him into the incense room. I followed about four families into that room. The room had pictures of everyone that had passed away that was a member of the temple. Families that were in that room had a special prayer and ceremony to honor their loved one. The monk said that one member of the family shall come up to the alter, drink a sacred tea and pour a small cup in honor of their loved one.A drum was struck as everyone started to recite a prayer. During the reciting, another monk came and tapped the four members that represented their families with some sort of sacred text. Then the prayer stopped as the four members went to the front, poured their tea, drank it, and poured it for their deceased loved one. Before everyone excited the room, every person was given three incense to pray and let their deceased loved ones know of their prayers today.They would bow three times, pause to pray, went up to the alter, placed their incense into the jar, returned to their spot, and lastly bow three times once more. That was my experience in a Buddhist Temple, the peace and tranquility of the people, and the monks was quite wholesome. Being a young adult, I never really understood the importance of religion and culture, but after visiting a place like this†¦ It really opened my eyes to how a religion can bring peace and everlasting faith within a person.

Tuesday, October 8, 2019

Journal assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Journal assignment - Essay Example in a sign of a heartless effort to punish her because she left her previous employer who happened to be a member of British Parliament, MP and also minister Mark Harper, There are many stories like hers as Britain is a magnet of illegal immigrants because the cities of the country are largely cosmpolitan and their presence is hardly noted among a multitude of various nationalities. It may be a case of implementing strict immigration laws no matter who is the culprit but at times there should be some kind of consideration. As what happened, Isabella was forcibly put on a plane and deported back to Colombia. She is now all alone in Medellin, Colombia with no relative to help he out and no prospects of another good job too. Compassion and kindness could have saved her but the immigration authorities had to draw a line somewhere otherwise the United Kingdom will be full of illegal or undocumented immigrants. August 09, 2014. The Economist: â€Å"Women in politics: treating the fair sex fairly.† by writing staff. . This article discussed how women in politics had fared in five countries, namely: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and the United States of America. It seems the research study by the authors cited in this article are of the opinion that female ministers in top government posts were appointed in a fair manner unlike the popular perception that female politicians and ministers had been usually appointed to their posts as mere tokinism. This is certainly not the case in Colombia so the country has a good record of equality among both genders. Women in politics were measured by number of bills they had passed or the legislation they had sponsored, how long they had stayed in office and other criteria such as how easy they got replaced by male apppointees. This is a welcome